Baroque is the period that goes from the beginning of the 17th century through mid 18th. The three main composers were Haendel, Vivaldi and foremost Bach. The Baroque period begun with the invention of the opera around the year 1600.
Baroque music is quite different from that of the Renaissance. It is usually more stormy and attractive
The piece you just listened to is the 'Aria' from the suite in D',by Johann Sebastian Bach.
The word 'aria' refers to a short piece where one voice or instrument outstands over the rest. It is very common in the world of opera.
This aria is part of a 'suite', which is a musical work made of the succesion of a number of short pieces, each with a different rhythm. The 'suite' was originaly intended to dance. The word comes from French, meaning succesion or series.
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